CORRECT CITATIONS OF THE RECENTLY DESCRIBED SPECIES OF GENERA MERODON, CHEILOSIA AND PARAGUS (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE)

The paper cites the correct citation of 14 species described in 2020, which are also listed in the Atlas of the Hoverflies of Greece. In order to prevent potential dilemmas and different taxonomic interpretations in accordance with the rules of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, it is stated that 14 presented species should be cited

A new European species of genus Eristalis Latreille, 1804 (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Eristalis tecta sp. n. is described, based on material from the Macedonian Museum of Natural History (Skopje, Macedonia, former Republic of Yugoslavia). This species is closely related to E. interrupta (Poda, 1761). Diagnostic characters of the species, together with figures of the male terminalia, are given. A checklist ofthe Eristalis species known from the Balkan Peninsula is presented

New data on hoverfly diversity (Insecta: Diptera: Syrphidae) of the special nature reserve the Obedska bara marsh (ramsar site in Serbia)

Hoverflies are well-investigated insects group on Obedska bara Marsh due to long-term investigations carried out by a scientific team from Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Serbia (Vujić et al., 1998). After 15 years, monitoring of biodiversity in this Ramsar site is continued by scientific project 1770 of Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection Republic of Serbia. Based on new investigations and current nomenclature changes, the following results were obtained: record of Eupeodes goeldlini Mazánek, Láska et Bičik, 1999 is the first for Serbia, nine species were recorded for the first time for Obedska bara Marsh, seven species were replaced by recently established junior synonyms and three were excluded from the faunal list of Obedska bara Marsh. These data complete the list of 93 hoverfly species registered on Obedska bara Marsh

Linkage disequlibrium in populations of Merodon avidus A. (Diptera, Syrphidae)

Analysis of the genetic structure in the populations of Merodon avidus A originated from the Dubašnica Mountain, Serbia (AADUB), Pindos Mountain Greece (AAPIN) and Morinj, Montenegro (AAMOR) was done. Based on the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis out of 16 analyzed loci 10 izozymic loci were monomorphic: Aat, Fum, Hk-2, Hk-3, Idh-2, Mdh-1, Pgm, Sod-1, Sod-2 Sod-3. Nonrandom association between alleles of the Ao and Me in the AAMOR population has been registered. Significant association among alleles of the Ao and Mdh-2 loci in AADUB and Ao and Gpd-2 loci in AAPIN was found as well. Percent of the locus with observed significant gametic disequilibrium was from 16.7% in AAMOR to significant association of the only variable loci pair in AADUB and AAPIN

Novi podaci o muhama pršilicama (Diptera: Syrphidae) u Makedoniji

After many years studying hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) throughout Macedonia we have compiled a list of 262 taxa from 69 genera. This comes from reviewing collections in the Macedonian Museum of Natural History – Skopje (SKO) and Department of Biology and Ecology – Novi Sad (DBE), and reviewing all references in the literature to Syrphidae in Macedonia. Thirty eight (38) taxa are now published for the first time in Macedonia: Chamaesyrphus escorialensis (Strobl, 1909), Cheilosia frontalis Loew, 1857, Cheilosia grisella (Becker, 1894), Cheilosia hypena Becker, 1894, Cheilosia melanura Becker, 1894 ssp. melanura sensu Vujić, 1996, Chrysotoxum intermedium Meigen, 1822, Criorhina pachymera Egger, 1858, Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen, 1822), Eristalinus megacephalus (Rossi, 1794), Eristalis jugorum Egger, 1858, Eumerus argyropus Loew, 1848, Eumerus clavatus Becker, 1923, Eumerus sulcitibus Rondani, 1868, Eupeodes lapponicus (Zetterstedt, 1838), Eupeodes latifasciatus (Macquart, 1829), Ferdinandea ruficornis (Fabricius, 1775), Helophilus pendulus (Linnaeus, 1758), Mallota fuciformis (Fabricius, 1794), Megasyrphus erraticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Meligramma cingulata (Egger, 1860), Meligramma euchroma (Kowarz, 1885), Merodon nanus Sack, 1931, Microdon miki Doczkal et Schmid, 1999, Myolepta obscura Becher, 1882, Neoascia meticulosa (Scopoli, 1763), Orthonevra frontalis (Loew, 1843), Paragus albifrons (Fallen, 1817), Paragus constrictus Šimić, 1986, Parasyrphus punctulatus (Verrall, 1873), Parasyrphus vittiger (Zetterstedt, 1843), Pipizella annulata (Macquart, 1829), Pipizella speighti Verlinden, 1999, Riponnensia longicornis (Loew, 1843), Riponnensia morini Vujic, 1999, Sphegina clavata (Scopoli, 1763), Sphegina elegans Schummel, 1843, Spilomyia triangularis van Steenis, 2000, Temnostoma meridionale Krivosheina et Mamayev, 1962.Nakon višegodišnjih istraživanja faune muha pršilica (Diptera: Syrphidae) u Makedoniji je utvrđeno 262 taksona iz 69 rodova,a na osnovi pregledanih zbirki Prirodonaučnog muzeja Makedonije - Skopje (SKO) i Zavoda za biologiju i ekologiju - Novi Sad (DBE) te revizije svih literaturnih podataka koji su se odnosili na muhe pršilice s područja Makedonije. Trideset i osam taksona prvi put je utvrđeno za faunu Makedonije: Chamaesyrphus escorialensis (Strobl, 1909.), Cheilosia frontalis Loew, 185.7, Cheilosia grisella (Becker, 1894.), Cheilosia hypena Becker, 1894., Cheilosia melanura Becker, 1894. ssp. melanura sensu Vujić, 1996., Chrysotoxum intermedium Meigen, 1822., Criorhina pachymera Egger, 1858., Epistrophe grossulariae (Meigen, 1822.), Eristalinus megacephalus (Rossi, 1794.), Eristalis jugorum Egger, 1858., Eumerus argyropus Loew, 1848., Eumerus clavatus Becker, 1923., Eumerus sulcitibus Rondani, 1868., Eupeodes lapponicus (Zetterstedt, 1838.), Eupeodes latifasciatus (Macquart, 1829.), Ferdinandea ruficornis (Fabricius, 1775.), Helophilus pendulus (Linnaeus, 1758.), Mallota fuciformis (Fabricius, 1794.), Megasyrphus erraticus (Linnaeus, 1758.), Meligramma cingulata (Egger, 1860.), Meligramma euchroma (Kowarz, 1885.), Merodon nanus Sack, 1931., Microdon miki Doczkal et Schmid, 1999., Myolepta obscura Becher, 1882., Neoascia meticulosa (Scopoli, 1763.), Orthonevra frontalis (Loew, 1843.), Paragus albifrons (Fallen, 1817.), Paragus constrictus Šimić, 1986., Parasyrphus punctulatus (Verrall, 1873.), Parasyrphus vittiger (Zetterstedt, 1843.), Pipizella annulata (Macquart, 1829.), Pipizella speighti Verlinden, 1999., Riponnensia longicornis (Loew, 1843.), Riponnensia morini Vujic, 1999., Sphegina clavata (Scopoli, 1763.), Sphegina elegans Schummel, 1843., Spilomyia triangularis van Steenis, 2000., Temnostoma meridionale Krivosheina et Mamayev, 1962

Podnošljivost bevacizumaba u bolesnica starije dobi oboljelih od raka jajnika: iskustvo Zavoda za ginekološku onkologiju u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Zagreb

Introduction: Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody. It is an effective treatment for epithelial ovarian cancer, both in primary and recurrent disease. The incidence of ovarian cancer increases with advancing age. Despite the high prevalence of the ovarian cancer in elderly, the management of these patients is often less aggressive than in younger patients. In Croatia, from February 2017, we have opportunity to treat patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer with bevacizumab in the first-line and second-line settings. Our aim was to investigate the safety of bevacizumab administration in patients older than 65 years. Methods: We have retrospectively analyzed the archive data of 65 patients with epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer who started treatment with bevacizumab in primary advanced and in first relapse setting at the Department of Gynecologic Oncology in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb in the period from January 2017 to December 2018. Patients were divided in two categories according to age: group 1 (≤65 years) and group 2 (>65 years). Results: Our analysis included 65 patients:47 (72.3%) patients in group 1 compared with 18 (27.7%) in group 2. Bevacizumab was administered to 39 (60%) patients as first-line treatment and to 26 (40%) patients as second-line treatment. The median age was 70 years (range 66-76 years) in group 2 and 55 years (range 35-65 years) in group 1. ECOG status 0 had 44.7% of patients in group 1 compared with only 22% in group 2. At the time of diagnosis, elderly patients had presented with at least one comorbidity in 94.4% of the cases, compared with 42.6% in group 1. The median number of cycles of bevacizumab was 9 in elderly patients and 17 cycles in group 1. Among those patients receiving bevacizumab in the first-line setting, median progression free interval (PFI) was 12 months in younger patients versus 7 months in elderly patients. Similarly, among those receiving bevacizumab in the second-line setting PFI was 9 months in younger patients versus 1 months in elderly patients. The occurrence of non-hematological adverse events did not increase in elderly patients; 51.1% of patients in group 1 reported some of non-hematological adverse events versus only 27.8% in elderly patients. Conclusion: Our experience in treating patients with bevacizumab shows good results with acceptable toxicity and our findings suggest that its use in the elderly population should be considered as safe and manageable.Uvod: Bevacizumab je rekombinantno humanizirano anti-VEGF monoklonsko antitijelo. Učinkovit je u liječenju epitelnog raka jajnika, kako u primarnom liječenju tako i kod pojave recidiva bolesti. Incidencija raka jajnika povisuje se sa starosnom dobi. Unatoč velikoj prevalenciji raka jajnika u starijih osoba, liječenje starijih bolesnica često je manje agresivno nego kod mlađih bolesnica. U Hrvatskoj, od veljače 2017. imamo mogućnost liječenja bevacizumabom u bolesnica s epitelnim rakom jajnika, jajovoda i primarnim peritonealnim rakom, kako u prvolinijskom liječenju tako i u prvom recidivu bolesti. Cilj nam je bio istražiti sigurnost primjene bevacizumaba u bolesnica starijih od 65 godina. Metode: Retrospektivno, analizirali smo medicinske podatke 65 bolesnica s epitelnim rakom jajnika, jajovoda ili primarnim peritonealnim rakom koji su započeli liječenje bevacizumabom u prvolinijskom liječenju u bolesnica s uznapredovalom bolesti kao i prvom recidivu bolesti u Zavodu za ginekološku onkologiju, KBC Zagreb u razdoblju 01.01.2017. do 31.12.2018. Bolesnice su bile podijeljene u dvije skupine prema dobi: skupina 1 (≤65 godina) i skupina 2 (>65 godina). Rezultati: U naše istraživanje bilo je uključeno 65 bolesnica: 47 (72,3%) bolesnica u skupini 1 u usporedbi s 18 (27,7%) u skupini 2. Bevacizumab je primijenjen kod 39 (60%) bolesnica kao prvolinijsko liječenje te kod 26 (40% ) bolesnica kao drugolinijsko liječenje. Medijan dobi bio je 55 godina (raspon 35-65 godina) u skupini 1 i 70 godina (raspon 66-76 godina) u skupini 2. ECOG status 0 imalo je 44,7% bolesnica u skupini 1 u usporedbi sa samo 22% u skupini 2. U vrijeme postavljanja dijagnoze, u starijih bolesnica zabilježen je barem jedan komorbiditet u 94,4% slučajeva, u usporedbi s 42,6% u skupini 2. Medijan broja apliciranih ciklusa bevacizumaba bio je 9 u bolesnica starijih od 65 godina , a 17 apliciranih ciklusa u skupini 1. U bolesnica koji su primale bevacizumab kao prvolinijsko liječenje, medijan intervala bez progresije bolesti (PFI) bio je 12 mjeseci u skupini 1 u odnosu na 7 mjeseci u bolesnica starijih od 65 godina. Slično tome, među onima koji su primali bevacizumab u drugoj liniji liječenja medijan PFI bio je 9 mjeseci u mlađih bolesnica u odnosu na 1 mjesec u bolesnica starijih od 65 godina. Pojava ne-hematoloških nuspojava nije se povećala u starijih bolesnika; 51,1% bolesnica u skupini 1 prijavilo je neku ne-hematološku nuspojavu nasuprot samo 27,8% u starijih bolesnica. Zaključak: Naše iskustvo liječenja bolesnica bevacizumabom pokazuje dobre rezultate s prihvatljivom toksičnošću, a naše istraživanje sugerira da je primjena bevacizumaba sigurna i podnošljiva i u bolesnica starijih od 65 godina

Integrative taxonomy of Iberian Merodon species (Diptera, Syrphidae)

The genus Merodon Meigen, 1803 (Syrphidae, Diptera), with more than 50 European species, is primarily distributed in the Mediterranean region, there being 34 species that occur in the Iberian Peninsula. The morphological variation found within some species from the Iberian Peninsula prompted us to test their taxonomic status by integrating morphological and molecular data. We generated partial sequences of the mitochondrial, protein-coding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), the nuclear, internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) region, and the D2 region of thenuclear 28S rRNA gene. COI and ITS2 sequences were obtained for most included taxa. The variability of the COI sequences showed great differences between the studied species groups, exhibiting an interspecific range from 0.29% to 12.5% between ingroup taxa. Closely related taxa of the aureus complex (e.g. M. quercetorum and M. legionensis) presented identical COI sequences. The obtained ITS2 sequences showed low intraspecific variability, and only a few taxa presented more than one genotype. Species status and delimitation were discussed for all taxa in the light of available morphological and molecular character information. Using the obtained sequence data for COI and 28S we inferred the phylogenetic relationships of the included taxa, using parsimony analysis. Separate analysis of the COI sequences identified four, quite well supportedclades within Merodon, the desuturinus, albifrons, nigritarsis and aureus groups. Combined analysis of the COI and 28S genes produced a topology similar to the COI topology.Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia (Grant Number 143037), the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development (Maintenance of biodiversity–“Hot spots” on the Balkan and Iberian Peninsula), the Spanish Ministerio de Medio Ambiente (MMA-040/2002), the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (CGL2005-0713/BOS and grant number AP2003-3998) and Generalitat Valenciana (ACOMP06/063)

HOVERFLY FAUNA (DIPTERA: SYRPHIDAE) OF THE LANDSCAPE OF OUTSTANDING FEATURES “VLASINA”

In the many years of research organized between 1977 and 2017, a total of 76 hoverfly species were collected in the protected Landscape of Outstanding Features “Vlasina” (southeastern Serbia) on six localities. Among the identified taxa there is a rare species, Cheilosia longula (Zetterstedt, 1838), which is protected in Serbia. Additionally, one potentially new hoverfly species is registered (Merodon aff. cinereus). The first species checklist of hoverflies for Vlasina is proposed

Prvolinijsko liječenje raka jajnika FIGO stadija IIIB-IV: naglasak na liječenju bevacizumabom - naše iskustvo

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer among women and the leading cause of gynecological cancer related deaths in Croatia. Approximately 70% of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease (FIGO III and IV). The usual approach to treatment involves complete surgical cytoreduction (R0), followed by combined platinumbased chemotherapy. Bevacizumab is recommended to add to paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy in patients diagnosed at FIGO IIIB and IIIC stage with residual disease after surgery and all patients FIGO IV stage of disease, which can extend the time to progression of the disease in these patients. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the medical data of 98 patients with newly diagnosed advanced FIGO IIIB-IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer treated at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the University Hospital Centre Zagreb in the period from January 2017 to December 2018. We have analyzed the followingdata: age, ECOG status, FIGO stage of disease, principle of surgery, pathohistological type of the tumor, number and type of adjuvant chemotherapy, application of bevacizumab, number of bevacizumab cycles, side effects related to bevacizumab therapy. Data from 98 patients were obtained. The median age was 60 years. The most patients were ECOG status 0-1 (78 %). According to the pathohistological findings, 89 % of patients had serous carcinoma, 5% endometrioid carcinoma, 3% mucinous carcinoma, 1% clear cell carcinoma, 1% borderline tumors and 1% poorly differentiated epithelial carcinoma. Most of the patients (68.5%) were underwent to primary cytoreduction, 12% “interval debulking” operation, whereas biopsy was performed in only 19.5% patients. HIPEC during surgery had 6% of patients. Resection without residual disease was achieved in only 25.5% of patients underwent surgery, while in others were reported macroscopic residual disease after surgery. 87% of patients were treated with chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin in three weeks schedule. 38 patients received antiangiogenetic drug bevacizumab. After exclusion of patients with a poor general condition (ECOG 2-4) and patients with FIGO stage IIIB and IIIC without residual disease after surgery, the percentage of patients receiving bevacizumab was 56% in 2017 and 75% in 2018. The average number of received cycles was 13 (range 1-22), and 8 patients continued the therapy in May 2019. Sixty-eight percent of the patients which received bevacizumab did not have any side effects associated with the bevacizumab therapy. The most common side effects associated with the bevacizumab were hypertension, development of deep vein thrombosis, ileus and proteinuria. In Croatia, since February 2017, we have the possibility of using bevacizumab for the treatment of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients stage IV or incompletely resected patients stages III B and III C. Our results are in concordance with the literature data and show that we can safely add bevacizumab to the first line chemotherapy of advanced ovarian cancer.Epitelni rak jajnika je sedmi najčešći maligni tumor u ženskoj populaciji i najčešći uzrok smrti od malignih ginekoloških tumora u Hrvatskoj. U vrijeme dijagnoze, oko 70% bolesnica nalazi se u uznapredovalom stadiju bolesti (stadiji FIGO III i IV). Uobičajeni pristup liječenju uključuje pokušaj kompletne kirurške citoredukcije (R0), nakon koje slijedi kombinirana kemoterapija na bazi platine. Kod bolesnica stadija bolesti FIGO IIIB i IIIC kod kojih postoji ostatna bolest nakon operativnog zahvata ili pak kod stadija FIGO IV, preporučuje se kemoterapiji dodati inhibitor angiogeneze (bevacizumab), kojim se može produžiti vrijeme do progresije bolesti u tih bolesnica. Ovom retrospektivnom analizom obuhvatili smo medicinske podatke 98 bolesnica s novodijagnosticiranim uznapredovalim (FIGO IIIB-IV) epitelnim rakom jajnika, jajovoda ili primarnog peritonealnog raka liječenih u Klinici za ginekologiju i porodništvo, Kliničkog bolničkog centra Zagreb u razdoblju od 01.01.2017. do 31.12.2018. Ispitivali smo slijedeće parametre: dob, ECOG status, stadij bolesti, princip kirurškog liječenja, patohistološki tip tumora, tip i broj kemoterapijskih ciklusa, aplikacija bevacizumaba, broj ciklusa bevacizumaba, te nuspojave povezane sa terapijom bevacizumabom. Obrađeni su podaci 98 bolesnica. Prosječna dob bolesnica bila je 60 godina. Većina bolesnica bila je ECOG status 0-1 (78 %). Prema patohistološkom nalazu, serozni karcinom utvrđen je u 89% bolesnica, u 5% endometrioidni, 3% mucinozni, a po 1% su bili zastupljeni klarocelularni, bordeline tumori i slabo diferencirani epitelni karcinom. Većina bolesnica (68.5%) je podvrgnuta primarnoj citoredukciji, 12% “interval debulking” operaciji, dok je u 19.5% učinjena samo biopsija tumora. U 6% bolesnica je tijekom operacije proveden HIPEC. Resekcija bez rezidualne bolesti postignuta je u 25.5% bolesnica podvrgnutih operativnom zahvatu, dok je u drugih bolesnica zabilježena ostatna makroskopska bolest nakon operativnog zahvata. Trotjednom kemoterapijom paklitaksel/karboplatin liječeno je 87% bolesnica. Terapiju inhibitorom angiogeneze (bevacizumab) primilo je 38 bolesnica. Kada isključimo bolesnice lošeg općeg stanja (ECOG 2-4) te bolesnice bez ostatne makroskopske bolesti nakon operativnog zahvata stadija FIGO IIIB i IIIC, postotak bolesnica koje su primile bevacizumab bio je 56 % u 2017. godini i 75% u 2018.g. Prosječni broj primljenih ciklusa je 13 (raspon 1-22), a 8 bolesnica nastavilo je navedenu terapiju i u svibnju 2019. 68% bolesnica koje su liječene bevacizumabom nisu imale nikakvih nuspojava povezanih sa navedenom terapijom. Najčešće zabilježene nuspojave povezane s terapijom bevacizumabom bile su hipertenzija, razvoj duboke venske tromboze, ileus i proteinurija. U Hrvatskoj, od veljače 2017. godine imamo mogućnost primjene bevacizumaba u liječenju bolesnica s novodijagnosticiranim rakom jajnika stadija IV ili stadija IIIB i IIIC kod kojih postoji ostatna bolest nakon operativnog zahvata. Naši rezultati su u skladu s literaturnim podacima i pokazuju da sigurno možemo dodati bevacizumab prvolinijskom liječenju u bolesnica s uznapredovalim rakom jajnika

An integrated approach to delimiting species borders in the genus Chrysotoxum Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Syrphidae), with description of two new species

Integrative taxonomy tests the validity of taxa using methods additional to traditional morphology. The existence of two different morphotypes in specimens identified as Chrysotoxum vernale Loew (Diptera: Syrphidae) prompted their taxonomic study using an integrative approach that included morphology, wing and male-surstylus geometric morphometrics, genetic and ecological analyses. As a result, a new species is recognised, Chrysotoxum montanum Nedeljković & Vujić sp. nov., and C. vernale is re-defined. A lectotype and paralectotypes are designated for C. vernale to stabilize this concept. An additional species, Chrysotoxum orthostylum Vujić sp. nov., with distinctive male genitalia is also described. The three species share an antenna with the basoflagellomere shorter than the scape plus pedicel and terga with yellow fasciae not reaching the lateral margins. This study confirms the value of integrative approach for resolving species boundaries.Financial support was provided by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (projects OI173002 and III43002), the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development (project ‘Genetic resources of agro-ecosystems in Vojvodina and sustainable agriculture’), the Transnational Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the FP7 of the EC (ExpeER project, TA visit ‘STEPS’) and the FP7 EU project, Innosense